Yes, black spots in your vision can be caused by both factors, but age-related eye disorders are more common. Conditions such as age-related macular degeneration (gradual damage to the retina?s central area) or vitreous floaters (tiny moving spots in the gel-like part of the eyes) can cause persistent dark spots, while brief sun exposure rarely leads to lasting spots unless the retina is directly damaged. It is important to see an eye doctor for a thorough examination to determine the exact cause and receive appropriate treatment to protect your vision.