Mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS) causes permanent damage and shrinkage of the hippocampus in the brain, so it is not curable. However, the epilepsy (seizures) resulting from it can often be effectively managed with appropriate anti-seizure medications or, in selected cases, epilepsy surgery. MTS is a common cause of focal seizures and may sometimes affect memory and learning. Many patients are able to live a normal and independent life if their seizures are well-controlled. Long-term parental care is usually not required unless the seizures remain frequent, uncontrolled, or pose safety risks.