Breast cancer is diagnosed through a combination of clinical breast exam, imaging tests such as mammography or ultrasound, and biopsy, where a small sample of tissue is tested to confirm cancer. Imaging shows suspicious areas, and the biopsy provides the final diagnosis.

Yes, a hard, fixed, non-tender mass can be a sign of breast cancer. However, many lumps in the breast are benign conditions like cysts or fibroadenomas. Any new or persistent lump should be examined by a doctor to be certain.

Symptoms of breast cancer can include a new hard lump, breast or nipple changes, persistent pain, or unusual discharge. Treatment depends on the stage and may include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation, or hormonal therapy. Many cases are highly treatable when caught early.

Breast pain and heaviness before your period are usually due to normal hormonal changes, not breast cancer. Back pain during your period is also typically related to menstrual cramps, not cancer. If the pain persists or you notice a lump, get it examined for reassurance.