For heavy dandruff, you can use medicated shampoos containing ketoconazole, zinc pyrithione, or selenium sulfide. Use the shampoo 2 to 3 times a week, leaving it on your scalp for a few minutes before rinsing, and keep your hair and scalp clean and dry. If dandruff does not improve after a few weeks, or you notice redness, pain, or heavy scaling, see a dermatologist for stronger treatment.

Severe dandruff can irritate the scalp and lead to hair fall, but it is usually treatable. Use a medicated anti-dandruff shampoo (like ketoconazole or zinc pyrithione) 2 to 3 times a week and avoid heavy oiling of the scalp. Keep the scalp clean, do not scratch, and manage stress. If dandruff and hair loss continue despite treatment, consult a dermatologist.