Melasma is a common skin condition that causes dark, irregular patches to appear mainly on the face, such as the cheeks, forehead, nose, and upper lip. It happens because of increased melanin production, the pigment responsible for skin color.

Key points about melasma:

• It is more frequent in women, especially during pregnancy or when using hormonal medications, but it can affect anyone.
• Sun exposure can worsen melasma, so using sun protection is important.
• While harmless medically, it may impact self-confidence due to its visible appearance.
• Treatments include topical creams, sun protection, and sometimes procedures like chemical peels or laser therapy, though effectiveness varies.

If you notice such dark patches, consulting a dermatologist is recommended for accurate diagnosis and tailored treatment options.