What are the causes and treatment options for acid reflux?
Acid reflux, also known as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), occurs when stomach acid flows back into the esophagus (food pipe), often due to a weak lower esophageal sphincter, obesity, or certain dietary and lifestyle habits. Treatment typically includes lifestyle modifications, such as avoiding trigger foods, maintaining a healthy weight, and elevating the head of the bed while sleeping, along with medications to reduce stomach acid, including antacids, proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), or H2 blockers. In severe or persistent cases, surgical options may be considered.