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Overview of Ischemic Heart Disease and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
- Ischemic heart disease (IHD) involves reduced blood flow to the heart, often due to blocked arteries. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a condition where the body doesn't use insulin properly, leading to high blood sugar.
How Type 2 Diabetes Increases Risk of Ischemic Heart Disease
- High blood sugar and insulin resistance damage blood vessels, promoting atherosclerosis, which narrows coronary arteries and increases IHD risk.
Shared Risk Factors
- Common risk factors include obesity, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and a sedentary lifestyle.
Impact of Diabetes on Heart Disease Outcomes
- Diabetes can worsen heart disease prognosis, increasing complications like heart attacks and heart failure.
Importance of Managing Both Conditions
- Effective management involves controlling blood sugar, adopting lifestyle changes, and using medications to reduce heart disease risk.
Relevant Medical Specialties and Tests
- Cardiology and endocrinology are key specialties. Tests include blood sugar monitoring, lipid profiles, ECGs, and stress tests.
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