Understanding Anal Fissures

• Anal fissures are small tears in the lining of the anus, often caused by passing hard stools or straining during bowel movements.

Initial Self-Care Measures

• Increase dietary fiber and fluid intake to keep stools soft.
• Take warm sitz baths several times a day to relieve pain and promote healing.

Over-the-Counter Treatments

• Apply topical anesthetics like lidocaine to reduce discomfort.

Medical Treatments

• Consider prescription creams such as nitroglycerin or calcium channel blockers if over-the-counter options are insufficient.
• Use stool softeners if constipation is an issue.

When to See a Specialist

• Consult a specialist if the fissure does not heal with initial treatments or if symptoms worsen.

Lifestyle and Preventive Tips

• Avoid straining during bowel movements and maintain good anal hygiene to prevent recurrence.